NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
Total Questions: 75
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1. The activity of a radioisotope is defined as:
The number of disintegrations per second
2. Which of these is used for treating thyroid cancer?
Iodine- 131
3. Atoms of one element are converted to atoms of another element through...
Transmutation
4. Nucleons are composed of...
Proton and Neutron
5. The half life of Cobalt- 60 is 5.3 years. How much of a 1.0mg sample will remain after 10.6 years?
1/4 mg
6. Carbon- 14 has a half life of 5730 years; estimate the age of a fossil which contains 25% of the Carbon- 14 content of a living tissue
11460 years
7. The origin of mass defect is some of the _ is converted to binding energy which binds the nucleons together in the nucleus.
Mass
8. The sum of the mass of the neutrons and protons of a nucleus is less than the actual mass of the nucleons
False
9. 1 Curie is equal to how many disintegrations per second?
3.7 × 1010 disintegrations/s
10. A positron has the same charge as a beta particle
False
11. One of these radioactive nuclides is used as a radiotracer to study Red Blood Cells
Fe- 59
12. One of these radioactive nuclides is used as a radiotracer to study Circulatory system
Na- 24
13. One of these radioactive nuclides is used as a radiotracer to study bones
Sr- 87
14. One of these radioactive nuclides is used to study lungs
Xe- 133
15. Radiotracers must have long half lives
False
16. The changing of a Cobalt nucleus to a Nickel nucleus is termed...
Nuclear transmutation
17. The study of nucleus of atoms, its properties, and its behaviour is known as
Nuclear chemistry
18. Which of these particles has the most ionising potential?
Alpha particle
19. 
What is the mass number of the nuclide shown above?
131
20.
What is the proton number of the nuclide shown above?
53
21.
What is the neutron number of the nuclide shown above?
78
22. Atoms that have the same atomic numbers but different mass numbers are known as...
Isotopes
23. The _ states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed
Thermodynamics Law
24. Like positron emission, electron capture causes a radioactive nuclide to change to a new element with an atomic number that is _ but with the same mass number
One lower
25. Fluorine- 17 has a half life of 66s. What fraction of it is left in 264s?
1/16
26. Iron- 59 which is used to diagnose anaemia, has a half life of 45 days. What fraction of it is left in 90 days?
1/4
27. In November 1994, the nuclide Darmstadtium- 269 was made from the bombardment of Lead- 208 atoms with Nickel- 62 atoms. This is an example of...
Artificial transmutation
28. Astatine- 216 atoms undergo an alpha emission, a beta emission, and another alpha emission before they reach a stable nuclide. What is the mass number of the final product?
208
29. Radioactive Xenon- 133 is used to measure lung capacity. It shifts toward stability by emitting beta particles. What is the mass number of the new element?
133
30. Germanium- 78 atoms undergo two beta emissions before they reach a stable nuclide. What is the mass number of the final product?
78
31. 
Consider three isotopes of Neon shown above. Neon-20, which is the most abundant isotope of Neon is stable. One of the other nuclides undergoes beta emission while the last undergoes Positron emission. Identify the isotope that undergoes beta emission.
Neon- 24
32.
Consider three isotopes of Neon shown above. Neon-20, which is the most abundant isotope of Neon is stable. One of the other nuclides undergoes beta emission while the last undergoes Positron emission. Identify the isotope that undergoes positron emission.
Neon- 18
33. A radioactive nuclide that has 43 protons and 56 neutrons is used in bone scans. What is its mass number?
99
34. Which of these nuclear processes leads to atomic number being increased by one
Beta emission
35. 
Consider the three isotopes of Nitrogen shown above. Nitrogen- 14 is stable. One of the other nuclides undergoes beta emission while the other undergoes positron emission. Identify the isotopes that make each of these
Nitrogen- 13 undergoes electron capture to obtain neutron, while Nitrogen- 16 undergoes beta emission to lose neutron
36. 
Why does the nuclide shown above not exist?
Proton - Proton repulsion will lead to breakdown of the nucleus
37. A chain reaction is a process in which one of the products of the reaction initiates another _ reaction
Nuclear fission
38. 
Consider the nuclear equation above. Potassium- 40 transforms to Argon- 40 by which type of decay process?
Beta decay
39. The process in which a nucleus breaksdown by emitting radiation is termed...
Radioactive decay
40. Technetium- 99 has a half life of 6 hours. How much of a 8 mg sample will remain after 18 hours?
1
41. Radium 226 decays by alpha decay to...
Radon- 222
42. Krypton- 79 has a half life of 35 hours. How many half lives have passed after 105 hours?
3 half lives
43. Sodium- 24 has a half life of 15 hours. How many hours is three half lives?
45 hours
44. Calculate the energy released when 0.0303 × 10-3 Kg of mass is lost in a nuclear reactor (c = 3 × 108 m/s)
2.7 × 1012 J
45. One of the following is not an application of Radioactivity and radioisotopes.
Polymerisation of organic compounds
46. Choose one statement that is true about beta radiation.
It has a relatively small mass
47. Calculate the energy released when 0.005g of mass is lost in a nuclear reactor (c = 3 × 108 m/s)
4.5 × 1011 J
48. A radioactive element decays with a rate constant of 2.02 × 10-4 mins-1. How long will it take for 90g of the substance to decay to 10g?
6.53 × 105 s
49. 
The nuclide shown above emits a total of six alpha particles and four beta particles in its natural decay sequences. What is the atomic number, mass number and symbol of the final product?
92, 208, Pb
50. Which of the following is a radioactive element?
Ra
51. _ is an isotope of carbon used in radioactive dating
14C
52. Calculate the half life for an element that has a decay rate constant of 1.24 × 10-4 year-1
5589 years
53. A radioactive nuclide that has 43 protons and 56 neutrons is used in bone scans. What is its atomic number?
43
54. A radioactive element decays with a rate constant of 4.0 × 10-4 s-1. How long will it take for a given sample of the substance to decay to 60%?
1277 s
55. Calculate the energy released when 0.205 amu of mass is lost in a nuclear reactor. (c = 2.998 × 108 m/s, 1 amu = 1.66054 × 10-27 Kg)
3.1 × 10-11 J
56. _ is defined as the energy required to separate a nucleus into individual nucleons.
Binding energy
57. When an element undergoes radioactivity, it is said to undergo...
Nuclear transformation
58. Which of the following statements is correct?
Energy changes in chemical reactions are usually greater than those in nuclear reactions
59. Nuclear reactors make use of...
Fission reactions
60. One of the following is not an application of radioisotopes
Measuring engine capacity
61. Identify X in the equation below
Oxygen- 17
62. An artificially produced radioactive isotope decomposes according to the first order rate law with a half life period of 270 mins. How long will it take for 60% of the sample to disappear?
5.95 hours
63. The decomposition of a compound follows first order rate law with a decay rate constant equal to 5.37 × 10-4 mins-1. In what time will 80% of the sample disintegrate completely?
50 hours
64. The half life of 14N is 10.1 mins. Starting with 1000 atoms, how many atoms of the sample will remain after 1 hour?
16 atoms
65. The half life of 112Ag is 4.5 hours. How long will it take for 60% of a sample to disappear?
5.95 hours
66. 238U has a half life of 5.3 × 107 years. What is the rate constant for the process of the decay?
1.308 × 10-8 year-1
67. Which one of the following statements is true?
Alpha rays are positive while gamma rays are neutral
68. What happens when proton - proton repulsion in a nucleus is greater than the nuclear force
The nucleus will be unstable
69. The study of the behaviour of the nucleus of atoms is known as
All of the above options
70. _ takes up the most volume of an atom
Electron cloud
71. Nitrogen- 13, Nitrogen- 14, Nitrogen-17 are all known as...
Isotopes
72. 1 amu is equal to
1.66054 × 10-27 Kg
73. A higher binding energy per nucleon means...
A more stable nucleus
74. Which of these particles is the heaviest?
Alpha particle
75. The minimum mass required to sustain a chain reaction is known as...
Critical mass
